¹The ‘performance’ concept already has a long history in industrial management and business economics. In general terms, this concept can be defined as: ‘a person’s achievement under test conditions’ (Oxford Encyclopaedic English Dictionary). However, in productivity and efficiency studies, this concept is defined much more broadly and refers to a systematic operational measurement – often in comparison with relevant actors – of the relevant economic achievement position of an actor or corporate organization (see also Kourtit 2014, 2015, p. 16). The latter meaning will also be adopted in our study on the aviation and aerospace cluster in the Podkarpackie region in South-East Poland.