³Amenities may play a lower role in the case of Europe than in the US. In a densely urbanised environment, easy access to natural beauty is confined to a more limited number of areas. Average temperatures across the continent are also less extreme than in North America and given its long history, the availability of cultural amenities are more homogenous and often directly related to city size and agglomeration. Hence, regional migration analyses considering amenities in Europe often reach contradictory results (see for instance Rodríguez-Pose, Ketterer 2012, Cheshire, Magrini 2006). Consequently, amenities are not included as an independent variable in our analysis.